Look at his sources. He is citing from western writers. I am citing Islam. Of course the two versions are entirely different but I have lived in Spain and seen, with my own eyes, the extent of Islamic influence in the architecture and culture.
One could put most early wars at the feet of religious fanaticism, but it pales in comparison to the global wars waged by the super-states which were only made possible once central banks controlled the monetary system and could "create" currency to pay the material costs for their massive conflicts. Everyone else paid with their own lives and property.
".....might Abu Abdallah Mohammed XII have sighed as he rode away into exile in 1492..." Comprehending this date 1492, bring clarity to the whole "Columbus" narrative. The Moors had "holdings" in "the new world," and this was Columbus' mission. He left Spain with Moorish maps, and Moorish navigators to survey "the new holdings." The whole "discovery" story is a fraud. He knew what was there. He had the paperwork detailing such before he left Spain.
After the Moors left it became illegal to take a bath or wear perfume. This is when the Inquisition started and everyone there was forced to eat pork or face punishment. Nothing "Moorish" was accepted. To this day visitors travel there to see what the Moors left. The Library at Toledo became a "Spanish" treasure, although it was compiled by the Moors. We can all see what Columbus left for this realm.
One of my current reads: 'William T Walsh's 'Isabella of Spain, the last crusader'.
I think this excellent historian would heartily disagree.
http://www.liberius.net/livres/Isabella_of_Spain_000001061.pdf
Look at his sources. He is citing from western writers. I am citing Islam. Of course the two versions are entirely different but I have lived in Spain and seen, with my own eyes, the extent of Islamic influence in the architecture and culture.
Beautiful.
One could put most early wars at the feet of religious fanaticism, but it pales in comparison to the global wars waged by the super-states which were only made possible once central banks controlled the monetary system and could "create" currency to pay the material costs for their massive conflicts. Everyone else paid with their own lives and property.
".....might Abu Abdallah Mohammed XII have sighed as he rode away into exile in 1492..." Comprehending this date 1492, bring clarity to the whole "Columbus" narrative. The Moors had "holdings" in "the new world," and this was Columbus' mission. He left Spain with Moorish maps, and Moorish navigators to survey "the new holdings." The whole "discovery" story is a fraud. He knew what was there. He had the paperwork detailing such before he left Spain.
After the Moors left it became illegal to take a bath or wear perfume. This is when the Inquisition started and everyone there was forced to eat pork or face punishment. Nothing "Moorish" was accepted. To this day visitors travel there to see what the Moors left. The Library at Toledo became a "Spanish" treasure, although it was compiled by the Moors. We can all see what Columbus left for this realm.
https://jeanbaptisteguillory.substack.com/p/all-roads-lead-where
Such a fascinating and understudied epoch in the history of western civilization!
This is a wonderful, culture-centered book is a great place to learn more. (PBS put it on the screen.)
https://www.thriftbooks.com/w/the-ornament-of-the-world-how-muslims-jews-and-christians-created-a-culture-of-tolerance-in-medieval-spain_mara-rosa-menocal/265845/item/8205995/?utm_source=google&utm_medium=cpc&utm_campaign=high_vol_frontlist_standard_shopping_retention&utm_adgroup=&utm_term=&utm_content=698403107263&gad_source=1&gclid=CjwKCAjwjsi4BhB5EiwAFAL0YJSs3baRwZ1SkPgz61jxc_M2ly6oJLnUBVLxv10DXHQAb-37Lo2ALhoCH4cQAvD_BwE#idiq=8205995&edition=3815725
Geomancy 😍
My dear, please do not forget the Portuguese on Reconquista. 😉
https://www.britannica.com/place/Portugal/The-kingdom-and-the-Reconquista